# CartonMath

> Free carton, pallet and container calculators and export-document tools: pallet loading, container loading (20GP, 40GP, 40HQ, 45HQ), CBM, volumetric (dimensional) weight, a commercial invoice and packing list generator, an Incoterms 2020 guide, and container and pallet size references. Every number is calculated and each page shows the working. Updated 2026-10-06.

Cite as: CartonMath, https://cartonmath.com/ . Container sizes and payloads are typical values that vary by line; volumetric divisors vary by carrier.

## Calculators (all accept URL parameters)
- [Pallet calculator](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-calculator/): ?unit=cm|in&l=40&w=30&h=20&wt=12&pallet=eur|uk|us|asia|au|custom&pl=&pw=&deck=&maxh=160&maxwt=1000 (lengths in the chosen unit, weights in kg or lb)
- [Container loading calculator](https://cartonmath.com/container-loading-calculator/): ?mode=cartons|pallets&unit=cm|in&l=&w=&h=&wt=&qty=&upright=1&cont=20gp|40gp|40hq|45hq&pallet=eur&ph=110&pwt=500
- [CBM calculator](https://cartonmath.com/cbm-calculator/): ?unit=cm|mm|in&wu=kg|lb&l=&w=&h=&qty=&wt= or &rows=40x30x20x50x12,60x40x40x10x20
- [Volumetric weight calculator](https://cartonmath.com/volumetric-weight-calculator/): ?unit=cm|in&l=&w=&h=&wt=&wu=kg|lb&qty=&div=5000|6000|4000|139|166
- [Commercial invoice and packing list generator](https://cartonmath.com/commercial-invoice-generator/): ?no=&date=&cur=USD&inco=FOB&place=&pol=&pod=

## Reference
- [Container sizes](https://cartonmath.com/container-sizes/): [20GP](https://cartonmath.com/container-sizes/20gp/), [40GP](https://cartonmath.com/container-sizes/40gp/), [40HQ](https://cartonmath.com/container-sizes/40hq/), [45HQ](https://cartonmath.com/container-sizes/45hq/)
- [Pallet sizes](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-sizes/): [EUR / EPAL](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-sizes/eur-epal/), [ISO / UK](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-sizes/uk-iso-1200x1000/), [US GMA](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-sizes/us-gma-48x40/), [Asia](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-sizes/asia-1100x1100/), [Australia](https://cartonmath.com/pallet-sizes/australia-1165x1165/)
- [Volumetric weight chart](https://cartonmath.com/volumetric-weight/): pages per box size, e.g. https://cartonmath.com/volumetric-weight/40x30x20-cm/ and https://cartonmath.com/volumetric-weight/12x12x12-in/
- [Incoterms 2020](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/): [EXW](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/exw/), [FCA](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/fca/), [FAS](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/fas/), [FOB](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/fob/), [CFR](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/cfr/), [CIF](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/cif/), [CPT](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/cpt/), [CIP](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/cip/), [DAP](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/dap/), [DPU](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/dpu/), [DDP](https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/ddp/)
- Every content page has a Markdown version: append index.md, e.g. https://cartonmath.com/incoterms/fob/index.md

## Data (CC BY 4.0)
- Containers: https://cartonmath.com/data/containers.csv, .json
- Pallets: https://cartonmath.com/data/pallets.csv, .json
- Cartons per pallet: https://cartonmath.com/data/cartons-per-pallet.csv, .json
- Volumetric weight: https://cartonmath.com/data/volumetric-weight.csv, .json
- Incoterms matrix: https://cartonmath.com/data/incoterms.csv, .json
- [Everything in one file](https://cartonmath.com/llms-full.txt)

## Method
- Packing: Cartons upright; per layer = best of two plain orientations and every two-block guillotine split along either edge; layers = floor((max height - deck) / carton height). Containers: each carton edge tried vertical, floor planned the same way, whole tiers.
- Volume: CBM = L x W x H (m) x quantity; 1 m3 = 35.3147 ft3.
- Volumetric weight: cm3 / 5000, 6000 or 4000 = kg; in3 / 139 or 166 = lb. Chargeable = max(actual, volumetric).
- Air freight at 1:6000: 1 m3 = 166.67 kg. Sea LCL W/M: revenue tons = max(m3, metric tons).

## Optional
- [About the maths](https://cartonmath.com/about/)
- [Disclaimer](https://cartonmath.com/disclaimer/)